拼吾爱程序人生.Net编程Linq LINQ体验(14)——LINQ to SQL语句之存储过程

1  /  1  页   1 跳转 查看:1176

LINQ体验(14)——LINQ to SQL语句之存储过程

LINQ体验(14)——LINQ to SQL语句之存储过程

文/lyj  出处/博客园

存储过程

在我们编写程序中,往往需要一些存储过程,在LINQ to SQL中怎么使用呢?也许比原来的更简单些。下面我们以NORTHWND.MDF数据库中自带的几个存储过程来理解一下。

1.返回数量
在数据库中,有名为Customers Count By Region的存储过程。该存储过程返回顾客所在"WA"区域的数量。



引用:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[NonRowset]
    (@param1 NVARCHAR(15))
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    DECLARE @count int
    SELECT @count = COUNT(*)FROM Customers
    WHERECustomers.Region = @Param1
    RETURN @count
END


我们只要把这个存储过程拖到O/R设计器内,它自动生成了以下代码段:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.[Customers Count By Region]")]
public int Customers_Count_By_Region([Parameter
(DbType="NVarChar(15)")] string param1)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this,
    ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), param1);
    return ((int)(result.ReturnValue));
}


我们需要时,直接调用就可以了,例如:



引用:
int count = db.CustomersCountByRegion("WA");
Console.WriteLine(count);


2.返回行集合
从数据库中返回行集合,并包含用于筛选结果的输入参数。 当我们执行返回行集合的存储过程时,会用到结果类,它存储从存储过程中返回的结果。

下面的示例表示一个存储过程,该存储过程返回客户行并使用输入参数来仅返回将“London”列为客户城市的那些行的固定几列。 



引用:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[Customers By City]
    -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
    (@param1 NVARCHAR(20))
AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    SELECT CustomerID, ContactName, CompanyName, City from
    Customers as c where c.City=@param1
END


拖到O/R设计器内,它自动生成了以下代码段:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.[Customers By City]")]
public ISingleResult<Customers_By_CityResult> Customers_By_City(
[Parameter(DbType="NVarChar(20)")] string param1)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this, (
    (MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), param1);
    return ((ISingleResult<Customers_By_CityResult>)
    (result.ReturnValue));
}


我们用下面的代码调用:



引用:
ISingleResult<Customers_By_CityResult> result =
db.Customers_By_City("London");
foreach (Customers_By_CityResult cust in result)
{
    Console.WriteLine("CustID={0}; City={1}", cust.CustomerID,
        cust.City);
}


3.返回多个结果形状的映射
当存储过程可以返回多个结果形状时,返回类型无法强类型化为单个投影形状。尽管 LINQ to SQL 可以生成所有可能的投影类型,但它无法获知将以何种顺序返回它们。 ResultTypeAttribute 属性适用于返回多个结果类型的存储过程,用以指定该过程可以返回的类型的集合。

在下面的 SQL 代码示例中,结果形状取决于输入(param1 = 1或param1 = 2)。我们不知道先返回哪个投影。



引用:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[SingleRowset_MultiShape]
    -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
    (@param1 int )
AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    if(@param1 = 1)
    SELECT * from Customers as c where c.Region = 'WA'
    else if (@param1 = 2)
    SELECT CustomerID, ContactName, CompanyName from
    Customers as c where c.Region = 'WA'
END


拖到O/R设计器内,它自动生成了以下代码段:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.[Whole Or Partial Customers Set]")]
public ISingleResult<Whole_Or_Partial_Customers_SetResult>
Whole_Or_Partial_Customers_Set([Parameter(DbType="Int")]
System.Nullable<int> param1)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this,
    ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), param1);
    return ((ISingleResult<Whole_Or_Partial_Customers_SetResult>)
    (result.ReturnValue));
}


 感谢原创者的辛勤劳动,希望对您有所帮助,转载请注明原出处。
 您可能对 [Linq] 的这些文章也感兴趣:

扩展LINQ to SQL以支持批量删除
使用LINQ TO SQL实现单表数据在DataGridView批编辑
Creating custom LINQ provider using LinqExtender
Presentation: Erik Meijer on C# 3.0 and LINQ
打造自己的LINQ Provider(中):IQueryable和IQueryProvider
LINQ体验(9)——LINQ语句之Insert/Update/Delete操作
LINQ体验(2)——C# 3.0新语言特性和改进(上篇)
LINQ to SQL活学活用(3):嗅出“臭味”烟消云散
Jimmy Nilsson谈LINQ to SQL
LINQ To SQL中使用继承(附源码)
 

回复:LINQ体验(14)——LINQ to SQL语句之存储过程

但是,VS2008会把多结果集存储过程识别为单结果集的存储过程,默认生成的代码我们要手动修改一下,要求返回多个结果集,像这样:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.[Whole Or Partial Customers Set]")]
[ResultType(typeof(WholeCustomersSetResult))]
[ResultType(typeof(PartialCustomersSetResult))]
public IMultipleResults Whole_Or_Partial_Customers_Set([Parameter
(DbType="Int")] System.Nullable<int> param1)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this,
    ((MethodInfo)(MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), param1);
    return ((IMultipleResults)(result.ReturnValue));
}


我们分别定义了两个分部类,用于指定返回的类型。WholeCustomersSetResult类 如下:(点击展开)

代码在这里展开


引用:
public partial class WholeCustomersSetResult
{
    private string _CustomerID;
    private string _CompanyName;
    private string _ContactName;
    private string _ContactTitle;
    private string _Address;
    private string _City;
    private string _Region;
    private string _PostalCode;
    private string _Country;
    private string _Phone;
    private string _Fax;
    public WholeCustomersSetResult()
    {
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_CustomerID", DbType = "NChar(5)")]
    public string CustomerID
    {
        get{return this._CustomerID;}
        set{
            if ((this._CustomerID != value))
                this._CustomerID = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_CompanyName", DbType = "NVarChar(40)")]
    public string CompanyName
    {
        get{return this._CompanyName;}
        set{
            if ((this._CompanyName != value))
                this._CompanyName = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_ContactName", DbType = "NVarChar(30)")]
    public string ContactName
    {
        get{return this._ContactName;}
        set{
            if ((this._ContactName != value))
                this._ContactName = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_ContactTitle", DbType = "NVarChar(30)")]
    public string ContactTitle
    {
        get{return this._ContactTitle;}
        set{
            if ((this._ContactTitle != value))
                this._ContactTitle = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Address", DbType = "NVarChar(60)")]
    public string Address
    {
        get{return this._Address;}
        set{
            if ((this._Address != value))
                this._Address = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_City", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
    public string City
    {
        get{return this._City;}
          set{
            if ((this._City != value))
                this._City = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Region", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
    public string Region
    {
        get{return this._Region;}
        set{
            if ((this._Region != value))
                this._Region = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_PostalCode", DbType = "NVarChar(10)")]
    public string PostalCode
    {
        get{return this._PostalCode;}
        set{
            if ((this._PostalCode != value))
                  this._PostalCode = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Country", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
    public string Country
    {
        get{return this._Country;}
        set{
            if ((this._Country != value))
                this._Country = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Phone", DbType = "NVarChar(24)")]
      public string Phone
    {
        get{return this._Phone;}
        set{
            if ((this._Phone != value))
                this._Phone = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Fax", DbType = "NVarChar(24)")]
    public string Fax
    {
        get{return this._Fax;}
        set{
            if ((this._Fax != value))
                this._Fax = value;
        }
    }
}


PartialCustomersSetResult类 如下:(点击展开)

代码在这里展开


引用:
public partial class PartialCustomersSetResult
{

    private string _CustomerID;
    private string _ContactName;
    private string _CompanyName;
    public PartialCustomersSetResult()
    {
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_CustomerID", DbType = "NChar(5)")]
      public string CustomerID
    {
        get{return this._CustomerID;}
        set{
            if ((this._CustomerID != value))
                this._CustomerID = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_ContactName", DbType = "NVarChar(30)")]
    public string ContactName
    {
        get{return this._ContactName;}
        set{
            if ((this._ContactName != value))
                this._ContactName = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_CompanyName", DbType = "NVarChar(40)")]
    public string CompanyName
    {
        get{return this._CompanyName;}
        set{
            if ((this._CompanyName != value))
                this._CompanyName = value;
        }
    }
}


这样就可以使用了,下面代码直接调用,分别返回各自的结果集合。



引用:
//返回全部Customer结果集
IMultipleResults result = db.Whole_Or_Partial_Customers_Set(1);
IEnumerable<WholeCustomersSetResult> shape1 =
result.GetResult<WholeCustomersSetResult>();
foreach (WholeCustomersSetResult compName in shape1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(compName.CompanyName);
}
//返回部分Customer结果集
result = db.Whole_Or_Partial_Customers_Set(2);
IEnumerable<PartialCustomersSetResult> shape2 =
result.GetResult<PartialCustomersSetResult>();
foreach (PartialCustomersSetResult con in shape2)
{
    Console.WriteLine(con.ContactName);
}


4.返回顺序结果形状映射
这种存储过程可以生成多个结果形状,但我们已经知道结果的返回顺序。

下面是一个按顺序返回多个结果形状的存储过程Get Customer And Orders。 返回顾客ID为"SEVES"的顾客和他们所有的订单。



引用:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[Get Customer And Orders]
(@CustomerID nchar(5))
    -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    SELECT * FROM Customers AS c WHERE c.CustomerID = @CustomerID
    SELECT * FROM Orders AS o WHERE o.CustomerID = @CustomerID
END


拖到设计器代码如下:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.[Get Customer And Orders]")]
public ISingleResult<Get_Customer_And_OrdersResult> Get_Customer_And_Orders
([Parameter(Name="CustomerID", DbType="NChar(5)")] string customerID)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this, ((MethodInfo)
    (MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), customerID);
    return ((ISingleResult<Get_Customer_And_OrdersResult>)
    (result.ReturnValue));
}


同样,我们要修改自动生成的代码:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.[Get Customer And Orders]")]
[ResultType(typeof(CustomerResultSet))]
[ResultType(typeof(OrdersResultSet))]
public IMultipleResults Get_Customer_And_Orders([Parameter(Name="CustomerID",
DbType="NChar(5)")] string customerID)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this, ((MethodInfo)
    (MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), customerID);
    return ((IMultipleResults)(result.ReturnValue));
}


同样,自己手写类,让其存储过程返回各自的结果集。
 

回复:LINQ体验(14)——LINQ to SQL语句之存储过程

CustomerResultSet类

代码在这里展开


引用:
public partial class CustomerResultSet
{

    private string _CustomerID;
    private string _CompanyName;
    private string _ContactName;
    private string _ContactTitle;
    private string _Address;
    private string _City;
    private string _Region;
    private string _PostalCode;
    private string _Country;
    private string _Phone;
    private string _Fax;
    public CustomerResultSet()
    {
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_CustomerID", DbType = "NChar(5)")]
    public string CustomerID
    {
        get{return this._CustomerID;}
        set{
            if ((this._CustomerID != value))
                this._CustomerID = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_CompanyName", DbType = "NVarChar(40)")]
    public string CompanyName
    {
        get{return this._CompanyName;}
        set{
            if ((this._CompanyName != value))
                this._CompanyName = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_ContactName", DbType = "NVarChar(30)")]
    public string ContactName
    {
        get{return this._ContactName;}
        set{
            if ((this._ContactName != value))
                this._ContactName = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_ContactTitle", DbType = "NVarChar(30)")]
    public string ContactTitle
    {
        get{return this._ContactTitle;}
        set{
            if ((this._ContactTitle != value))
                this._ContactTitle = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Address", DbType = "NVarChar(60)")]
    public string Address
    {
        get{return this._Address;}
        set{
            if ((this._Address != value))
                this._Address = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_City", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
    public string City
    {
        get{return this._City;}
        set{
            if ((this._City != value))
                this._City = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Region", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
    public string Region
    {
        get{return this._Region;}
        set{
            if ((this._Region != value))
                this._Region = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_PostalCode", DbType = "NVarChar(10)")]
    public string PostalCode
    {
        get{return this._PostalCode;}
        set{
            if ((this._PostalCode != value))
                this._PostalCode = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Country", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
    public string Country
    {
        get{return this._Country;}
        set{
            if ((this._Country != value))
                this._Country = value;
        }
    }
    [Column(Storage = "_Phone", DbType = "NVarChar(24)")]
    public string Phone
    {
        get{return this._Phone;}
        set{
            if ((this._Phone != value))
                this._Phone = value;
        }
    }

    [Column(Storage = "_Fax", DbType = "NVarChar(24)")]
    public string Fax
    {
        get{return this._Fax;}
        set{
            if ((this._Fax != value))
                this._Fax = value;
        }
    }
}


OrdersResultSet类

代码在这里展开


引用:
public partial class OrdersResultSet
{
        private System.Nullable<int> _OrderID;
        private string _CustomerID;
        private System.Nullable<int> _EmployeeID;
        private System.Nullable<System.DateTime> _OrderDate;
        private System.Nullable<System.DateTime> _RequiredDate;
        private System.Nullable<System.DateTime> _ShippedDate;
        private System.Nullable<int> _ShipVia;
        private System.Nullable<decimal> _Freight;
        private string _ShipName;
        private string _ShipAddress;
        private string _ShipCity;
        private string _ShipRegion;
        private string _ShipPostalCode;
        private string _ShipCountry;
        public OrdersResultSet()
        {
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_OrderID", DbType = "Int")]
        public System.Nullable<int> OrderID
        {
            get{return this._OrderID;}
            set{
                if ((this._OrderID != value))
                    this._OrderID = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_CustomerID", DbType = "NChar(5)")]
        public string CustomerID
        {
            get{return this._CustomerID;}
            set{
                if ((this._CustomerID != value))
                    this._CustomerID = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_EmployeeID", DbType = "Int")]
        public System.Nullable<int> EmployeeID
        {
            get{return this._EmployeeID;}
            set{
                if ((this._EmployeeID != value))
                    this._EmployeeID = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_OrderDate", DbType = "DateTime")]
        public System.Nullable<System.DateTime> OrderDate
        {
            get{return this._OrderDate;}
            set{
                if ((this._OrderDate != value))
                    this._OrderDate = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_RequiredDate", DbType = "DateTime")]
        public System.Nullable<System.DateTime> RequiredDate
        {
            get{return this._RequiredDate;}
            set{
                if ((this._RequiredDate != value))
                    this._RequiredDate = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShippedDate", DbType = "DateTime")]
        public System.Nullable<System.DateTime> ShippedDate
        {
            get{return this._ShippedDate;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShippedDate != value))
                    this._ShippedDate = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShipVia", DbType = "Int")]
        public System.Nullable<int> ShipVia
        {
            get{return this._ShipVia;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipVia != value))
                    this._ShipVia = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_Freight", DbType = "Money")]
        public System.Nullable<decimal> Freight
        {
            get{return this._Freight;}
            set{
                if ((this._Freight != value))
                    this._Freight = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShipName", DbType = "NVarChar(40)")]
        public string ShipName
        {
            get{return this._ShipName;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipName != value))
                    this._ShipName = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShipAddress", DbType = "NVarChar(60)")]
        public string ShipAddress
        {
            get{return this._ShipAddress;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipAddress != value))
                    this._ShipAddress = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShipCity", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
        public string ShipCity
        {
            get{return this._ShipCity;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipCity != value))
                    this._ShipCity = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShipRegion", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
        public string ShipRegion
        {
            get{return this._ShipRegion;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipRegion != value))
                    this._ShipRegion = value;
            }
        }
        [Column(Storage = "_ShipPostalCode", DbType = "NVarChar(10)")]
        public string ShipPostalCode
        {
            get{return this._ShipPostalCode;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipPostalCode != value))
                    this._ShipPostalCode = value;
            }
        }

        [Column(Storage = "_ShipCountry", DbType = "NVarChar(15)")]
        public string ShipCountry
        {
            get{return this._ShipCountry;}
            set{
                if ((this._ShipCountry != value))
                    this._ShipCountry = value;
            }
        }
    }


这时,只要调用就可以了。



引用:
IMultipleResults result = db.Get_Customer_And_Orders("SEVES");
//返回Customer结果集
IEnumerable<CustomerResultSet> customer =
result.GetResult<CustomerResultSet>();
//返回Orders结果集
IEnumerable<OrdersResultSet> orders =
result.GetResult<OrdersResultSet>();
//在这里,我们读取CustomerResultSet中的数据
foreach (CustomerResultSet cust in customer)
{
    Console.WriteLine(cust.CustomerID);
}


5.带输出参数
LINQ to SQL 将输出参数映射到引用参数,并且对于值类型,它将参数声明为可以为 null。

下面的示例带有单个输入参数(客户 ID)并返回一个输出参数(该客户的总销售额)。



引用:
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[CustOrderTotal]
@CustomerID nchar(5),
@TotalSales money OUTPUT
AS
SELECT @TotalSales = SUM(OD.UNITPRICE*(1-OD.DISCOUNT) * OD.QUANTITY)
FROM ORDERS O, "ORDER DETAILS" OD
where O.CUSTOMERID = @CustomerID AND O.ORDERID = OD.ORDERID


把这个存储过程拖到设计器中,图片如下:

 附件: 您所在的用户组无法下载或查看附件


其生成代码如下:



引用:
[Function(Name="dbo.CustOrderTotal")]
public int CustOrderTotal([Parameter(Name="CustomerID", DbType="NChar(5)")]
string customerID,[Parameter(Name="TotalSales", DbType="Money")]
ref System.Nullable<decimal> totalSales)
{
    IExecuteResult result = this.ExecuteMethodCall(this, ((MethodInfo)
    (MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod())), customerID, totalSales);
    totalSales = ((System.Nullable<decimal>)(result.GetParameterValue(1)));
    return ((int)(result.ReturnValue));
}


我们使用下面的语句调用此存储过程:



引用:
decimal? totalSales = 0;
string customerID = "ALFKI";
db.CustOrderTotal(customerID, ref totalSales);
Console.WriteLine("Total Sales for Customer '{0}' = {1:C}",
customerID, totalSales);


好了,就说到这里了,其增删改操作同理。相信大家通过这5个实例理解了存储过程。
 
1  /  1  页   1 跳转

快速回复帖子

标题
禁用 URL 识别
禁用表情
禁用 Discuz!NT 代码
使用个人签名
  [完成后可按 Ctrl+Enter 无刷新发布]  

版权所有 拼吾爱程序人生    

Powered by Discuz!NT 2.1.202   Copyright © 2001-2008 Comsenz Inc. 鄂ICP备07500843号
返顶部